关于生活中的简易英语
常用缩写
AAMOF as a matter of fact
ADN any day now
AFAIC as far as I'm concerned
AFAICS as far as I can see
AFAICT as far as I can tell
AFAIK = as far as I know 就我所知
AFAIR as far as I remember
AFK away from keyboard
AISB as I said before
AISI as I see it
AIUI as I understand it
AKA - " Also Known As"
AKA also known as
ANFAWFOS and now for a word from our sponsor
ANFSCD And now for something completely different
ARP - " Address Resolution Protocol"
ARQ - " Automatic Repeat Request"
ASAP as soon as possible
ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) :美国信息交换标准码。
ASP(Active Server Pages) :是一种基于 Windows NT 的 IIS 的服务器端的脚本编写环境。
ATLA another three letter acronym
AWGTHTGTATA Are we going to have to go through all this again
AWGTHTGTTA Are we going to have to go through this again
AYOR at your own risc
BAK back at keyboard
BBL be back later 稍后便回
BBS - " Bulletin Board Software" and " Bulletin Board System"
BBS be back soon
BCNU be seeing you
BF boyfriend
BFN bye for now
Big5 :大五码,中文内码之一, 此码代表中文繁体字, 为港、台地区广泛使用。
BIOS(Basic Input and Output System) :基本输入输出系统。
BOT back on topic
BRB = be right back 很快回来
Browser :浏览器,一种可在 Internet 上任何地方查找和访问文件的程序, 如网景公司 (Netscape) 所推出的 Netscape Navigator 或微软公司 (Microsoft) 的 Microsoft Internet Explorer 。
BSD - " Berkeley Software Distribution"
BSF but seriously folks
BST but seriously though
BTAIM be that as it may
BTDT been there done that
BTHOM Beats the hell outta me!
BTSOOM Beats the shit out of me!
BTW = by the way 顺便说一下
BTWBO Be there with bells on
Cc: - " Carbon Copy"
CD(Compact Disc) :光盘。
CGI - " Comman Gateway Interface"
CGI(Common Gateway Interface) :通用网关接口,通用网关接口,是 Web 服务器与外部应用程序之间的一个接口标准。
CIU(Computer Interface Unit) :计算机接口部件。
CMIIW Correct me if I'm wrong
COTFLGOHAHA Crawling on the floor laughing guts out and having a heart attack
CU See you
CUA commonly used acronym
CUL See you later 再会
CUL8R See you later
CWYL Chat with you later
CYA Cover your ass
D& C Duck and cover
DBMS(Date Base Mananement System) :数据库管理系统。
DC = Washington D . C 华盛顿特区
DDE(Dynamic Date Exchang) :动态数据交换。
DEC(Digital Equipment Corporation) :数字设备公司。
DES - " Data Encryption Standard"
DIIK = damned if I know 我的确不知道
DILLIGAD Do I look like I give a darn!
DILLIGAF Do I look like I give a fuck!
DIY do it yourselves
DIY(er)(Do It Yourself) :自己动手做,泛指操作、使用、安装、维护计算机的人。
DNPM darn near pissed myself
DNS - " Domain Name Service"
Domain :域,称为网络区域, 每区有独立的运行方式。
DOS(Disk Operating System) :磁盘操作系统,是一种早期最常见的操作系统。
DUCWIC Do you see what I see
DVD(Digital Video Disk) :数字视盘。
DWISNWID Do what I say not what I do
DYHWIH Do you hear what I hear
DYJHIW Don't You just hate it when
E2EG ear to ear grin
EIDE(Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics interface) :增强型集成驱动器电子接口标准,传输速度高,适于大硬盘。
EIN(Educational Information Network) :教育信息网。
Elm - " Electronic Mail for UNIX"
E-mail :电子邮(函)件,是计算机应用软件的通用术语, 可使用户在不同的计算机上发送信息, 电子邮件是网络上最常用的通信方式。
EOD end of discussion
EOF end of file
EOS end of show
ESAL Eat shit and live!
ETLA extended three letter acronym
FAAK falling asleep at keyboard
FAFWOA for a friend without access
FAQ - " Frequently asked questions"
Fcc: - " File Carbon Copy"
FIFO first in first out
Firewall :防火墙,用来分割网域、过滤传送和接收资料、及防制非法入侵。
FITB Fill in the blank
FOAD Fuck off and die
FOAF friend of a friend
FOAFOAG father of a friend of a girlfriend
FOAG father of a girlfriend
FOC free of charge
FTASB faster than a speeding bullet
FTF = face to face 面对面
FTL faster than light
FTP - " File Transfer Protocol" (now often seen in lower case as " ftp" )
FTP(File Transfer Protocol) :文件传输协议,是 Internet 网上最早使用的文件传输程序。
FU fucked up
FUBAR - " F'd Up Beyond All Recognition"
FUBAR fucked up beyond all recognition
FUBB fouled up beyond belief
FUD (spreading) fear, uncertainty, and disinformation
FWIW = for what it's worth 对其价值而言
FYA for Your amusement
FYE for Your entertainment
FYI = for your information 供参考
GA go ahead
GAFIA get away from it all
GAL get a life
Gateway :网关,资料传输在不同的网段相接的接口。
GB :国标码,中文内码之一, 此码代表中文简体字, 为中国大陆广泛使用。
GD& R - " Grinning, Ducking and Running (After snide remark)"
GF girlfriend
GFAK go fly a kite
GG - " Good Game"
GGN gotta go now
GIGO garbage in, garbage out
GIWIST Gee, I wish I'd said that
GMT - " Greenwich Mean Time"
GMTA great minds think alike
GNU - " GNU is Not Unix (recursive)"
GR& D grinning, running & ducking
GTFOOMF Get the fuck out of my face
GUI - " Graphical Users Interface"
HAK hugs and kisses
HAND - " Have A Nice Day"
HAND have a nice day
HLOL hysterically laughing out loud
HLOLARAWCHAWMP hysterically laughing out loud and rolling around while clapping hands and wetting my pants
homepage :主页,在任何超文本系统中, 作为进入 Web 有关文档的初始入口点的文档。
HOMPR Hang on, mobile phone's ringing
HP who's then running horrified into the street beeing killed accidentally by a yellow bulldozer ROTFLBTCUTS unable to stop
HTH - " Hope This/To Help(s)"
HTML - " HyperText Markup Language"
HTML :超文本标示语言,此语言专用在全球互联网上, 为网上标准格式化的一种, 需用浏览器来观看。
HTTP - " HyperText Transfer Protocol"
HTTP :超文本传送方式,此为网页常用的传送方式之一。
HWS(PEST) husband wants sex (please excuse slow typing)
hyperlink :超链,此为连接另一些网页的入囗, 含有此连接点的文字通常以蓝字底线显示。
hypertext :超文本,此文件规格含有超文本处理语言, 可以通过链接至其它地方, 用於网页上。
IAC in any case
IAE = in any event 无论如何
IAE in any event
IANAL I am not a lawyer (also IANAxxx, such as IANACPA)
IANALBIPOOTV I am not a lawyer, but I play one on TV
IARTPFWTSIOWIM I am repeating this parrot-fashion with out the slightest idea of what it means
IBC inadequate, but cute
IBTD I beg to differ
IC = I see 我明白
ICCL - " I Could Care Less"
ICMP(Internet Control Messages Protocol) : Internet 信报控制协议,如果服务器关闭了该协议服务,那么你将无法" ping" 通它。
IDE(Integrated Drive Electronices interface) :集成驱动器电子接口标准,是硬盘广泛使用的一种接口标准。
IDGAD I don't give a damn
IDGAS I don't give a shit
IDK I don't know IDK - " I don't know"
IHTFP - " I have truly found paradise" (or: I hate this f'n place)
IIRC - " If I Recall Correctly"
IIRC If I recall correctly
IITYWIMWYBMAD If I tell you what it means will you buy me a drink
IITYWTMWYKM If I tell you what this means will you kiss me
IIWM if it were me (mine)
ILIWTPCT I love it when the plan comes together
ILSHIBAMF I laughed so hard I broke all my furniture!
IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol) 协议: Internet 消息访问协议,这是一种比 POP3 协议更具先进特性的协议。
IMBO in my biased opinion
IMCAO in my completely arrogant opinion (Use for attracting flames!)
IMCO in my considered opinion
IME in my experience
IMHO = in my humble opinion 依本人愚见
IMNSHO in my not so humble opinion
IMO = in my opinion 在我看来
INPO in no particular order
IO - " Input Output" As in file IO
IOW = in other words 换句话说
IP Address :网络协定位址,又称网络地址、 IP 地址, 此地址在全球网络上独一无二, 不可重复。
IP(Internet Protocol) :网络协议。
IRC - " Internet Relay Chat"
IRL in real life
ISA(Industrial Standard Architecture) :工业标准结构,是即将淘汰的一种总线结构。
ISO(International Organization for Standardization) :国际标准化组织。
ISP - " Internet Service Provider"
ISP(Internet Setvice Provider) : Internet 服务提供商。
ISTM it seems to me
ISTR I seem to recall
IT(Information Technology) :信息技术。
ITA I totally agree
IYKWIM - " If You Know What I Mean"
IYKWIMAITYD - " If You Know What I Mean And I Think You Do"
IYSWIM If You see what I mean
JAM Just a minute
Java :爪哇语言, Java 是 SUN 公司的编程语言, 用于编制面向网络的小应用程序 (Applet) , 墒雇�秤卸��男Ч�霸怂愕哪芰Α
JavaScript :这是一种在网页中使用的描述语言,可以使网页变得生动活泼。微软版的 JavaScript 被称之为 JScript ,可以在 ASP 中使用。
JM2C - " Just My 2 Cents"
KISS keep it simple, stupid
L & R = later 稍后
LAN - " Local Area Network"
LAN(Local Area Network) :局域网。
LIFO last in first out
LLTA Lots and lots of thunderous applause!
LMFAO Laughing my fucking ass off
LOL = laughing out loud 大声笑
LSHMSH laughing so hard my side hurts
LTIP laughing till I puke
MB(Mega Byte) :百万字节,也称找兆字节,为 10241024 个字节。
MDA - " Mail Delivery Agent"
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor"
MFG more friendly garbage
MFTL my favorite toy language
MHOTY my hat's off to you
MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) :乐器数字接口。
MIME - " Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions"
MMIF my mouth is full MOSFET - "
MTFBWY May the force be with you!
MTG = meeting 会议
MUD - " Multiple User Dungeon" an interactive multiuser game
MYOB Mind your own business!
NALOPKT Not a lot of people know that
NBD no big deal
NFI no friggin' idea
NFW no fucking way
NH - " Nice Hand"
NIMBY not in my back yard
NIT = night 晚上
NNTP - " Network News Transfer Protocol"
NOS(Network Operate System) :网络操作系统。
NRN = no reply necessary 不必回答
NS(Network Service) :网络服务。
NTL nevertheless
NTP - " Network Time Protocol"
NTTAWWT not that there's anything wrong with that
NY = New York 纽约
OK - abbreviation of " oll korrect"
OAO over and out
OATUS on a totally unrelated subject
OAUS on an unrelated subject
OBTW oh, by the way
OIC Oh , I see .我明白了。
OICQ 使用的便是本协议。
OLE(Object Linking and Embedding) :对象链接与嵌入。
OLL KORRECT, so the abreviation for those words were OK
ONNA Oh no, not again!
ONNTA Oh no, not this again!
OOTB out of the box (brand new)
OOTC obligatory on-topic comment
OS(Operating System) :操作系统。
OSF - " Open Software Foundation"
OSI(Open System Intercinnection) :开放系统互连。
OTC Over the counter
OTOH = on the other hand 另一方面
OTOOH on the other other hand
OTT over the top
OTTH on the third hand
OTTOMH off the top of my head
OTTOMHAROOB off the top of my head and rolling out of bounds
OTW on the whole
OWTTE or words to that effect PS - " Post Script"
PCI(Peripherial Component Interconnect) :外围设备互连,也是一种总线结构。
PD public domain
PEM = privacy enhanced mail 保密邮件
PERL - " Pratical Extraction and Reporting Language" or " Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" "
Perl 语言:目前在写 CGI 程序中最流行的一种语言, 大部份用来写给通用网关接口处理一些网页传送。
PINE - " Pine Is Not Elm"
PITA pain in the ass
PLS = please 请
PMFJI - " Pardon Me For Jumping In (another polite way to get into a running discussion"
PMIGBOM Put mind in gear, before opening mouth!
PMJI - " Pardon My Jumping In (another polite way to get into a running discussion"
PMYMHMMFSWGAD Pardon me, you must have mistaken me for some one who gives a damn
POP3 协议:电子邮件接收协议第三版,支持该协议的电子邮件服务器允许用户把服务器端的电子邮件用电子邮件收发程序接收到本地来。
POV point of view PovRay - " Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer"
PPP - " Point-to-Point Protocol"
PS - " Post Script"
RAEBNC Read and enjoyed, but no comment
RARP - " Reverse Address Resolution Protocol"
Re: - " Regarding" Often used in mail software
Req: - " Request"
RFC - " Request For Comments"
ROTBA reality on the blink again
ROTFFNAR rolling on the floor for no apparent reason
ROTFL = rolling on the floor laughing 笑得在地上打滚
ROTFLAHMS and holding my sides
ROTFLASTC and scaring the cat
ROTFLBTC biting the carpet
ROTFLBTCACTC and scaring the cat
ROTFLBTCASTCIIHO if I had one
ROTFLBTCDICAJTTWADBSIHPWTRHITSBKABAYB dancing in circles and jumping through the window almost dieing by smashing into
ROTFLGO guts out
ROTFLMAO - " Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Ass Off"
ROTFLOL out loud
ROTFLOLVH out loud very hard
ROTFLSTC scaring the cat
ROTFTPOF trying to put out flames
ROTFWTIME rolling on the floor with tears in my eyes
RSN real soon now (which may be a long time coming)
RTF - " Rich Text Format"
RTFAQ read the FAQ RTFI read the fucking instructions
RTFM read the fucking manual
RTFMA read the fucking manual, again
RTFMS Read the fucking manual, sir! (from the military)
RTM = read the manual 读指导手册
RUOK Are You OK SBCN Sitting behind the computer naked
SCNR Sorry, couldn`t resist
SCSI(Small Computer Standand Interface) :小型计算机磁盘标准接口。
SGML - " Standard Generalized Markup Language"
SHM Shit happens, mate SICS sitting in chair snickering
SIMCA sitting in my chair amused
SITD still in the dark SLIP - " Serial Line Internet Protocol"
SMOP small matter of programming
SMTP - " Simple Mail Transfer Protocol"
SMTP 服务器才能被发送出去。
SMTP(Simple Message Transfer Protocol) 协议:简单邮件传输协议,用于电子邮件的传输。电子邮件需要有
SNAFU situation normal, all fucked up
SNR signal to noise ratio
SO significant other
SOHF - " Sense Of Humor Failure"
SOI stunk on ice sp - abbreviation of " spelling"
SPAM - " Stupid Persons' AdvertiseMent "
SWAG - " Scientific Wild Ass Guess
SWALK - " Sealed With A Loving Kiss"
SWISH - " Simple Web Indexing System for Humans"
TAFN that's all for now
TANJ there ain't no justice
TANSTAAFL there ain't no such thing as a free lunch
TARFU things are really fouled up
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)/IP(Internet Protocol) 协议:用于网络的一组通讯协议,包括传输协议和网际协议。
TCP/IP - " Transmissions Control Protocol/Internet Protocol"
TGAL think globally, act locally
THOT = thought 思想
TIA - " The Internet Adaptor"
TIA = thanks in advance 先谢谢了
TIC tongue in cheek
TINALO this is not a legal opinion
TINAR this is not a recommendation
TINWIS that is not what I said
TLA = three-letter acronyms 三个字母的缩写词
TLA VG = very good 非常好
TMTOWTDI there's more than one way to do it
TNOTVS theres nothing on TV so,
TNX thanks TPS(S) this program sucks (severely)
TPTB the powers that be
TRDMC tears running down my cheeks
TSOHF total sense of humor failure
TTBOMK to the best of my knowledge
TTFN ta ta for now
TTUL = talk to you later 以后再说
TTY - " Tele-TYpe"
TTYL talk to you later
TTYRS talk to you real soon
TUFD the user file died
TVM thanks very much
TWIMC - " To Whom It May Concern"
TYCLO Turn your CAPS LOCK off (Quit shouting)
TYVM = thank you very much 非常感谢
U = you 你
UBD user brain damage
UDP - " User Datagram Protocol"
UDP(User Datagram Protocol) 协议:用户数据报协议,这是一种架设于TCP/IP 协议之上的快速协议,但不具备较好的安全性
UPGS unfinished project guilt syndrome
UPS(Uninterrupted Power Supply) :不间断电源。
UR = your 你的
URL - " Uniform Resource Locator"
URL :全球资源统一定位符,网页在全球互联网上独一无二的定位点。
UTC under the counter
UTT under the table
VCD(Video Compact Disc) :可视光盘。
VETLA very enhanced
VGA(Video Graphica Array) :视频图形阵列。
VR virtual reality
VRAM(Video Read Access Memory) :显示存储器,供显示卡使用。
VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language) :虚拟实境模拟语言, 此语言可使网页产生虚拟现实 (Virtual Reality) 的立体动画效果。
WAB What another bill
WAG wild ass guess
WAIS - " Wide Area Information Server "
WAIS(Wide Area Information Server) :广域网信息服务。
WAN - " Wide Area Networks "
WAN(Wide Area Network) :广域网或称远距离网络。
WDYMBT What do you mean by that
WEDS / WEDNES = Wednesday 星期三
WGAS Who gives a shit
WIBAMU Well, I'll be a monkey's uncle
WIBNI would it be nice if
WMMOWS Wash my mouth out with soap!
WNOHGB where no one has gone before
WRT = with respect to 关于
WRT with regard to
WT without thinking
WTH what the hell
WTTM without thinking too much
WWW or 3W - " World Wide Web "
WWW( World Wide Web) :万维网,是 Internet 上发展最快的部分, 需用浏览器查阅。
WYLABOCTGWTR Would you like a bowl of cream to go with that remark
WYLASOMWTC Would you like a saucer of milk with that comment
WYSIWYG = what you see is what you get 所见即所得
WYTYSYDG What you thought you saw, you didn't get
YAOTM yet another off-topic message
YHGASP You have got a serious problem
YMMV - " Your Mileage May Vary" (You may not have the same luck I did)
YWIA - " You're welcome in advance"
YWSYLS You win some, you lose some
网络的安全策略1引言
随着计算机网络的不断发展,全球信息化已成为人类发展的大趋势。但由于计算机网络具有联结形式多样性、终端分布不均匀性和网络的开放性、互连性等特征,致使网络易受黑客、怪客、恶意软件和其他不轨的攻击,所以网上信息的安全和保密是一个至关重要的问题。对于军用的自动化指挥网络、C3I系统和银行等传输敏感数据的计算机网络系统而言,其网上信息的安全和保密尤为重要。因此,上述的网络必须有足够强的安全措施,否则该网络将是个无用、甚至会危及国家安全的网络。无论是在局域网还是在广域网中,都存在着自然和人为等诸多因素的脆弱性和潜在威胁。故此,网络的安全措施应是能全方位地针对各种不同的威胁和脆弱性,这样才能确保网络信息的保密性、完整性和可用性。
2计算网络面临的威胁
计算机网络所面临的威胁大体可分为两种:一是对网络中信息的威胁;二是对网络中设备的威胁。影响计算机网络的因素很多,有些因素可能是有意的,也可能是无意的;可能是人为的,也可能是非人为的;可能是外来黑客对网络系统资源的非法使有,归结起来,针对网络安全的威胁主要有三:
(1)人为的无意失误:如操作员安全配置不当造成的安全漏洞,用户安全意识不强,用户口令选择不慎,用户将自己的帐号随意转借他人或与别人共享等都会对网络安全带来威胁。
(2)人为的恶意攻击:这是计算机网络所面临的最大威胁,敌手的攻击和计算机犯罪就属于这一类。此类攻击又可以分为以下两种:一种是主动攻击,它以各种方式有选择地破坏信息的有效性和完整性;另一类是被动攻击,它是在不影响网络正常工作的情况下,进行截获、窃取、破译以获得重要机密信息。这两种攻击均可对计算机网络造成极大的危害,并导致机密数据的泄漏。
(3)网络软件的漏洞和“后门”:网络软件不可能是百分之百的无缺陷和无漏洞的,然而,这些漏洞和缺陷恰恰是黑客进行攻击的首选目标,曾经出现过的黑客攻入网络内部的事件,这些事件的大部分就是因为安全措施不完善所招致的苦果。另外,软件的“后门”都是软件公司的设计编程人员为了自便而设置的,一般不为外人所知,但一旦“后门”洞开,其造成的后果将不堪设想。
3计算机网络的安全策略
31 物理安全策略
物理安全策略的目的是保护计算机系统、网络服务器、打印机等硬件实体和通信链路免受自然灾害、人为破坏和搭线攻击;验证用户的身份和使用权限、防止用户越权操作;确保计算机系统有一个良好的电磁兼容工作环境;建立完备的安全管理制度,防止非法进入计算机控制室和各种偷窃、破坏活动的发生。
抑制和防止电磁泄漏(即TEMPEST技术)是物理安全策略的一个主要问题。目前主要防护措施有两类:一类是对传导发射的防护,主要采取对电源线和信号线加装性能良好的滤波器,减小传输阻抗和导线间的交叉耦合。另一类是对辐射的防护,这类防护措施又可分为以下两种:一是采用各种电磁屏蔽措施,如对设备的金属屏蔽和各种接插件的屏蔽,同时对机房的下水管、暖气管和金属门窗进行屏蔽和隔离;二是干扰的防护措施,即在计算机系统工作的同时,利用干扰装置产生一种与计算机系统辐射相关的伪噪声向空间辐射来掩盖计算机系统的工作频率和信息特征。
32 访问控制策略
访问控制是网络安全防范和保护的主要策略,它的主要任务是保证网络资源不被非法使用和非常访问。它也是维护网络系统安全、保护网络资源的重要手段。各种安全策略必须相互配合才能真正起到保护作用,但访问控制可以说是保证网络安全最重要的核心策略之一。下面我们分述各种访问控制策略。 321 入网访问控制
入网访问控制为网络访问提供了第一层访问控制。它控制哪些用户能够登录到服务器并获取网络资源,控制准许用户入网的时间和准许他们在哪台工作站入网。
用户的入网访问控制可分为三个步骤:用户名的识别与验证、用户口令的识别与验证、用户帐号的缺省限制检查。三道关卡中只要任何一关未过,该用户便不能进入该网络。
对网络用户的用户名和口令进行验证是防止非法访问的第一道防线。用户注册时首先输入用户名和口令,服务器将验证所输入的用户名是否合法。如果验证合法,才继续验证用户输入的口令,否则,用户将被拒之网络之外。用户的口令是用户入网的关键所在。为保证口令的安全性,用户口令不能显示在显示屏上,口令长度应不少于6个字符,口令字符最好是数字、字母和其他字符的混合,用户口令必须经过加密,加密的方法很多,其中最常见的方法有:基于单向函数的口令加密,基于测试模式的口令加密,基于公钥加密方案的口令加密,基于平方剩余的口令加密,基于多项式共享的口令加密,基于数字签名方案的口令加密等。经过上述方法加密的口令,即使是系统管理员也难以得到它。用户还可采用一次性用户口令,也可用便携式验证器(如智能卡)来验证用户的身份。
网络管理员应该可以控制和限制普通用户的帐号使用、访问网络的时间、方式。用户名或用户帐号是所有计算机系统中最基本的安全形式。用户帐号应只有系统管理员才能建立。用户口令应是每用户访问网络所必须提交的“证件”、用户可以修改自己的口令,但系统管理员应该可以控制口令的以下几个方面的限制:最小口令长度、强制修改口令的时间间隔、口令的唯一性、口令过期失效后允许入网的宽限次数。
用户名和口令验证有效之后,再进一步履行用户帐号的缺省限制检查。网络应能控制用户登录入网的站点、限制用户入网的时间、限制用户入网的工作站数量。当用户对交费网络的访问“资费”用尽时,网络还应能对用户的帐号加以限制,用户此时应无法进入网络访问网络资源。网络应对所有用户的访问进行审计。如果多次输入口令不正确,则认为是非法用户的入侵,应给出报警信息。
322 网络的权限控制
网络的权限控制是针对网络非法操作所提出的一种安全保护措施。用户和用户组被赋予一定的权限。网络控制用户和用户组可以访问哪些目录、子目录、文件和其他资源。可以指定用户对这些文件、目录、设备能够执行哪些操作。受托者指派和继承权限屏蔽(IRM)可作为其两种实现方式。受托者指派控制用户和用户组如何使用网络服务器的目录、文件和设备。继承权限屏蔽相当于一个过滤器,可以限制子目录从父目录那里继承哪些权限。我们可以根据访问权限将用户分为以下几类:(1)特殊用户(即系统管理员);(2)一般用户,系统管理员根据他们的实际需要为他们分配操作权限;(3)审计用户,负责网络的安全控制与资源使用情况的审计。用户对网络资源的访问权限可以用一个访问控制表来描述。
323 目录级安全控制
网络应允许控制用户对目录、文件、设备的访问。用户在目录一级指定的权限对所有文件和子目录有效,用户还可进一步指定对目录下的子目录和文件的权限。对目录和文件的访问权限一般有八种:系统管理员权限(Supervisor)、读权限(Read)、写权限(Write)、创建权限(Create)、删除权限(Erase)、修改权限(Modify)、文件查找权限(File Scan)、存取控制权限(Access Control)。用户对文件或目标的有效权限取决于以下二个因素:用户的受托者指派、用户所在组的受托者指派、继承权限屏蔽取消的用户权限。一个网络系统管理员应当为用户指定适当的访问权限,这些访问权限控制着用户对服务器的访问。八种访问权限的有效组合可以让用户有效地完成工作,同时又能有效地控制用户对服务器资源的访问 ,从而加强了网络和服务器的安全性。
324 属性安全控制
当用文件、目录和网络设备时,网络系统管理员应给文件、目录等指定访问属性。属性安全控制可以将给定的属性与网络服务器的文件、目录和网络设备联系起来。属性安全在权限安全的基础上提供更进一步的安全性。网络上的资源都应预先标出一组安全属性。用户对网络资源的访问权限对应一张访问控制表,用以表明用户对网络资源的访问能力。属性设置可以覆盖已经指定的任何受托者指派和有效权限。属性往往能控制以下几个方面的权限:向某个文件写数据、拷贝一个文件、删除目录或文件、查看目录和文件、执行文件、隐含文件、共享、系统属性等。网络的属性可以保护重要的目录和文件,防止用户对目录和文件的误删除、、执行修改、显示等。
325 网络服务器安全控制
网络允许在服务器控制台上执行一系列操作。用户使用控制台可以装载和卸载模块,可以安装和删除软件等操作。网络服务器的安全控制包括可以设置口令锁定服务器控制台,以防止非法用户修改、删除重要信息或破坏数据;可以设定服务器登录时间限制、非法访问者检测和关闭的时间间隔。
326 网络监测和锁定控制
网络管理员应对网络实施监控,服务器应记录用户对网络资源的访问,对非法的网络访问,服务器应以图形或文字或声音等形式报警,以引起网络管理员的注意。如果不法之徒试图进入网络,网络服务器应会自动记录企图尝试进入网络的次数,如果非法访问的次数达到设定数值,那么该帐户将被自动锁定。
327 网络端口和节点的安全控制
网络中服务器的端口往往使用自动回呼设备、静默调制解调器加以保护,并以加密的形式来识别节点的身份。自动回呼设备用于防止假冒合法用户,静默调制解调器用以防范黑客的自动拨号程序对计算机进行攻击。网络还常对服务器端和用户端采取控制,用户必须携带证实身份的验证器(如智能卡、磁卡、安全密码发生器)。在对用户的身份进行验证之后,才允许用户进入用户端。然后,用户端和服务器端再进行相互验证。
328 防火墙控制
防火墙是近期发展起来的一种保护计算机网络安全的技术性措施,它是一个用以阻止网络中的黑客访问某个机构网络的屏障,也可称之为控制进/出两个方向通信的门槛。在网络边界上通过建立起来的相应网络通信监控系统来隔离内部和外部网络,以阻档外部网络的侵入。目前的防火墙主要有以下三种类型;
(1)包过滤防火墙:包过滤防火墙设置在网络层,可以在路由器上实现包过滤。首先应建立一定数量的信息过滤表,信息过滤表是以其收到的数据包头信息为基础而建成的。信息包头含有数据包源IP地址、目的IP地址、传输协议类型(TCP、UDP、ICMP等)、协议源端口号、协议目的端口号、连接请求方向、ICMP报文类型等。当一个数据包满足过滤表中的规则时,则允许数据包通过,否则禁止通过。这种防火墙可以用于禁止外部不合法用户对内部的访问,也可以用来禁止访问某些服务类型。但包过滤技术不能识别有危险的信息包,无法实施对应用级协议的处理,也无法处理UDP、RPC或动态的协议。
(2)代理防火墙:代理防火墙又称应用层网关级防火墙,它由代理服务器和过滤路由器组成,是目前较流行的一种防火墙。它将过滤路由器和软件代理技术结合在一起。过滤路由器负责网络互连,并对数据进行严格选择,然后将筛选过的数据传送给代理服务器。代理服务器起到外部网络申请访问内部网络的中间转接作用,其功能类似于一个数据转发器,它主要控制哪些用户能访问哪些服务类型。当外部网络向内部网络申请某种网络服务时,代理服务器接受申请,然后它根据其服务类型、服务内容、被服务的对象、服务者申请的时间、申请者的域名范围等来决定是否接受此项服务,如果接受,它就向内部网络转发这项请求。代理防火墙无法快速支持一些新出现的业务(如多媒体)。现要较为流行的代理服务器软件是WinGate和Proxy Server。
(3)双穴主机防火墙:该防火墙是用主机来执行安全控制功能。一台双穴主机配有多个网卡,分别连接不同的网络。双穴主机从一个网络收集数据,并且有选择地把它发送到另一个网络上。网络服务由双穴主机上的服务代理来提供。内部网和外部网的用户可通过双穴主机的共享数据区传递数据,从而保护了内部网络不被非法访问。
4信息加密策略
信息加密的目的是保护网内的数据、文件、口令和控制信息,保护网上传输的数据。网络加密常用的方法有链路加密、端点加密和节点加密三种。链路加密的目的是保护网络节点之间的链路信息安全;端-端加密的目的是对源端用户到目的端用户的数据提供保护;节点加密的目的是对源节点到目的节点之间的传输链路提供保护。用户可根据网络情况酌情选择上述加密方式。
信息加密过程是由形形 色色的加密算法来具体实施,它以很小的代价提供很大的安全保护。在多数情况下,信息加密是保证信息机密性的唯一方法。据不完全统计,到目前为止,已经公开发表的各种加密算法多达数百种。如果按照收发双方密钥是否相同来分类,可以将这些加密算法分为常规密码算法和公钥密码算法。
在常规密码中,收信方和发信方使用相同的密钥,即加密密钥和解密密钥是相同或等价的。比较著名的常规密码算法有:美国的DES及其各种变形,比如Triple DES、GDES、New DES和DES的前身Lucifer; 欧洲的IDEA;日本的FEAL-N、LOKI-91、Skipjack、RC4、RC5以及以代换密码和转轮密码为代表的古典密码等。在众多的常规密码中影响最大的是DES密码。
常规密码的优点是有很强的保密强度,且经受住时间的检验和攻击,但其密钥必须通过安全的途径传送。因此,其密钥管理成为系统安全的重要因素。
在公钥密码中,收信方和发信方使用的密钥互不相同,而且几乎不可能从加密密钥推导出解密密钥。比较著名的公钥密码算法有:RSA、背包密码、McEliece密码、Diffe-Hellman、Rabin、Ong-Fiat-Shamir、零知识证明的算法、椭园曲线、EIGamal算法等等。最有影响的公钥密码算法是RSA,它能抵抗到目前为止已知的所有密码攻击。
公钥密码的优点是可以适应网络的开放性要求,且密钥管理问题也较为简单,尤其可方便的实现数字签名和验证。但其算法复杂。加密数据的速率较低。尽管如此,随着现代电子技术和密码技术的发展,公钥密码算法将是一种很有前途的网络安全加密体制。
当然在实际应用中人们通常将常规密码和公钥密码结合在一起使用,比如:利用DES或者IDEA来加密信息,而采用RSA来传递会话密钥。如果按照每次加密所处理的比特来分类,可以将加密算法分为序列密码和分组密码。前者每次只加密一个比特而后者则先将信息序列分组,每次处理一个组。 密码技术是网络安全最有效的技术之一。一个加密网络,不但可以防止非授权用户的搭线窃听和入网,而且也是对付恶意软件的有效方法之一。
5 网络安全管理策略
在网络安全中,除了采用上述技术措施之外,加强网络的安全管理,制定有关规章制度,对于确保网络的安全、可靠地运行,将起到十分有效的作用。
网络的安全管理策略包括:确定安全管理等级和安全管理范围;制订有关网络操作使用规程和人员出入机房管理制度;制定网络系统的维护制度和应急措施等。
6 结束语
随着计算机技术和通信技术的发展,计算机网络将日益成为工业、农业和国防等方面的重要信息交换手段,渗透到社会生活的各个领域。因此,认清网络的脆弱性和潜在威胁,采取强有力的安全策略,对于保障网络的安全性将变得十分重要。
常用英文缩写
星期
星期一:MONDAY=MON 星期二:TUESDAY=TUS
星期三:WENSEDAY=WEN 星期四:THURSDAY=THUR
星期五:FRIDAY=FRI 星期六:SATURDAY=SAT
星期天:SUNDAY=SUN
月份
一月份=JAN 二月份=FEB
三月份=MAR 四月份=APR
五月份=MAY 六月份=JUN
七月份=JUL 八月份=AUG
九月份=SEP 十月份=OCT
十一月份=NOV 十二月份=DEC
常用词
4=FOR 到永远=FOREVER
2=TO RTN=RETURN(送回)
BT=BLOOD TYPE(血型) PLS=PLEASE(请)
BD=BIRTHDAY(生日) REWARD=酬谢
REWARD 4 RETURN=送回有酬谢 ALLRG=过敏
军事术语
USMC=海军陆战队 NAVY=海军
AF=AIR FORCE(空军) ARMY=陆军
AAMOF as a matter of fact
ADN any day now
AFAIC as far as I'm concerned
AFAICS as far as I can see
AFAICT as far as I can tell
AFAIK = as far as I know 就我所知
AFAIR as far as I remember
AFK away from keyboard
AISB as I said before
AISI as I see it
AIUI as I understand it
AKA - " Also Known As"
AKA also known as
ANFAWFOS and now for a word from our sponsor
ANFSCD And now for something completely different
ARP - " Address Resolution Protocol"
ARQ - " Automatic Repeat Request"
ASAP as soon as possible
ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) :美国信息交换标准码。
ASP(Active Server Pages) :是一种基于 Windows NT 的 IIS 的服务器端的脚本编写环境。
ATLA another three letter acronym
AWGTHTGTATA Are we going to have to go through all this again
AWGTHTGTTA Are we going to have to go through this again
AYOR at your own risc
BAK back at keyboard
BBL be back later 稍后便回
BBS - " Bulletin Board Software" and " Bulletin Board System"
BBS be back soon
BCNU be seeing you
BF boyfriend
BFN bye for now
Big5 :大五码,中文内码之一, 此码代表中文繁体字, 为港、台地区广泛使用。
BIOS(Basic Input and Output System) :基本输入输出系统。
BOT back on topic
BRB = be right back 很快回来
Browser :浏览器,一种可在 Internet 上任何地方查找和访问文件的程序, 如网景公司 (Netscape) 所推出的 Netscape Navigator 或微软公司 (Microsoft) 的 Microsoft Internet Explorer 。
BSD - " Berkeley Software Distribution"
BSF but seriously folks
BST but seriously though
BTAIM be that as it may
BTDT been there done that
BTHOM Beats the hell outta me!
BTSOOM Beats the shit out of me!
BTW = by the way 顺便说一下
BTWBO Be there with bells on
Cc: - " Carbon Copy"
CD(Compact Disc) :光盘。
CGI - " Comman Gateway Interface"
CGI(Common Gateway Interface) :通用网关接口,通用网关接口,是 Web 服务器与外部应用程序之间的一个接口标准。
CIU(Computer Interface Unit) :计算机接口部件。
CMIIW Correct me if I'm wrong
COTFLGOHAHA Crawling on the floor laughing guts out and having a heart attack
CU See you
CUA commonly used acronym
CUL See you later 再会
CUL8R See you later
CWYL Chat with you later
CYA Cover your ass
D& C Duck and cover
DBMS(Date Base Mananement System) :数据库管理系统。
DC = Washington D . C 华盛顿特区
DDE(Dynamic Date Exchang) :动态数据交换。
DEC(Digital Equipment Corporation) :数字设备公司。
DES - " Data Encryption Standard"
DIIK = damned if I know 我的确不知道
DILLIGAD Do I look like I give a darn!
DILLIGAF Do I look like I give a fuck!
DIY do it yourselves
DIY(er)(Do It Yourself) :自己动手做,泛指操作、使用、安装、维护计算机的人。
DNPM darn near pissed myself
DNS - " Domain Name Service"
Domain :域,称为网络区域, 每区有独立的运行方式。
DOS(Disk Operating System) :磁盘操作系统,是一种早期最常见的操作系统。
DUCWIC Do you see what I see
DVD(Digital Video Disk) :数字视盘。
DWISNWID Do what I say not what I do
DYHWIH Do you hear what I hear
DYJHIW Don't You just hate it when
E2EG ear to ear grin
EIDE(Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics interface) :增强型集成驱动器电子接口标准,传输速度高,适于大硬盘。
EIN(Educational Information Network) :教育信息网。
Elm - " Electronic Mail for UNIX"
E-mail :电子邮(函)件,是计算机应用软件的通用术语, 可使用户在不同的计算机上发送信息, 电子邮件是网络上最常用的通信方式。
EOD end of discussion
EOF end of file
EOS end of show
ESAL Eat shit and live!
ETLA extended three letter acronym
FAAK falling asleep at keyboard
FAFWOA for a friend without access
FAQ - " Frequently asked questions"
Fcc: - " File Carbon Copy"
FIFO first in first out
Firewall :防火墙,用来分割网域、过滤传送和接收资料、及防制非法入侵。
FITB Fill in the blank
FOAD Fuck off and die
FOAF friend of a friend
FOAFOAG father of a friend of a girlfriend
FOAG father of a girlfriend
FOC free of charge
FTASB faster than a speeding bullet
FTF = face to face 面对面
FTL faster than light
FTP - " File Transfer Protocol" (now often seen in lower case as " ftp" )
FTP(File Transfer Protocol) :文件传输协议,是 Internet 网上最早使用的文件传输程序。
FU fucked up
FUBAR - " F'd Up Beyond All Recognition"
FUBAR fucked up beyond all recognition
FUBB fouled up beyond belief
FUD (spreading) fear, uncertainty, and disinformation
FWIW = for what it's worth 对其价值而言
FYA for Your amusement
FYE for Your entertainment
FYI = for your information 供参考
GA go ahead
GAFIA get away from it all
GAL get a life
Gateway :网关,资料传输在不同的网段相接的接口。
GB :国标码,中文内码之一, 此码代表中文简体字, 为中国大陆广泛使用。
GD& R - " Grinning, Ducking and Running (After snide remark)"
GF girlfriend
GFAK go fly a kite
GG - " Good Game"
GGN gotta go now
GIGO garbage in, garbage out
GIWIST Gee, I wish I'd said that
GMT - " Greenwich Mean Time"
GMTA great minds think alike
GNU - " GNU is Not Unix (recursive)"
GR& D grinning, running & ducking
GTFOOMF Get the fuck out of my face
GUI - " Graphical Users Interface"
HAK hugs and kisses
HAND - " Have A Nice Day"
HAND have a nice day
HLOL hysterically laughing out loud
HLOLARAWCHAWMP hysterically laughing out loud and rolling around while clapping hands and wetting my pants
homepage :主页,在任何超文本系统中, 作为进入 Web 有关文档的初始入口点的文档。
HOMPR Hang on, mobile phone's ringing
HP who's then running horrified into the street beeing killed accidentally by a yellow bulldozer ROTFLBTCUTS unable to stop
HTH - " Hope This/To Help(s)"
HTML - " HyperText Markup Language"
HTML :超文本标示语言,此语言专用在全球互联网上, 为网上标准格式化的一种, 需用浏览器来观看。
HTTP - " HyperText Transfer Protocol"
HTTP :超文本传送方式,此为网页常用的传送方式之一。
HWS(PEST) husband wants sex (please excuse slow typing)
hyperlink :超链,此为连接另一些网页的入囗, 含有此连接点的文字通常以蓝字底线显示。
hypertext :超文本,此文件规格含有超文本处理语言, 可以通过链接至其它地方, 用於网页上。
IAC in any case
IAE = in any event 无论如何
IAE in any event
IANAL I am not a lawyer (also IANAxxx, such as IANACPA)
IANALBIPOOTV I am not a lawyer, but I play one on TV
IARTPFWTSIOWIM I am repeating this parrot-fashion with out the slightest idea of what it means
IBC inadequate, but cute
IBTD I beg to differ
IC = I see 我明白
ICCL - " I Could Care Less"
ICMP(Internet Control Messages Protocol) : Internet 信报控制协议,如果服务器关闭了该协议服务,那么你将无法" ping" 通它。
IDE(Integrated Drive Electronices interface) :集成驱动器电子接口标准,是硬盘广泛使用的一种接口标准。
IDGAD I don't give a damn
IDGAS I don't give a shit
IDK I don't know IDK - " I don't know"
IHTFP - " I have truly found paradise" (or: I hate this f'n place)
IIRC - " If I Recall Correctly"
IIRC If I recall correctly
IITYWIMWYBMAD If I tell you what it means will you buy me a drink
IITYWTMWYKM If I tell you what this means will you kiss me
IIWM if it were me (mine)
ILIWTPCT I love it when the plan comes together
ILSHIBAMF I laughed so hard I broke all my furniture!
IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol) 协议: Internet 消息访问协议,这是一种比 POP3 协议更具先进特性的协议。
IMBO in my biased opinion
IMCAO in my completely arrogant opinion (Use for attracting flames!)
IMCO in my considered opinion
IME in my experience
IMHO = in my humble opinion 依本人愚见
IMNSHO in my not so humble opinion
IMO = in my opinion 在我看来
INPO in no particular order
IO - " Input Output" As in file IO
IOW = in other words 换句话说
IP Address :网络协定位址,又称网络地址、 IP 地址, 此地址在全球网络上独一无二, 不可重复。
IP(Internet Protocol) :网络协议。
IRC - " Internet Relay Chat"
IRL in real life
ISA(Industrial Standard Architecture) :工业标准结构,是即将淘汰的一种总线结构。
ISO(International Organization for Standardization) :国际标准化组织。
ISP - " Internet Service Provider"
ISP(Internet Setvice Provider) : Internet 服务提供商。
ISTM it seems to me
ISTR I seem to recall
IT(Information Technology) :信息技术。
ITA I totally agree
IYKWIM - " If You Know What I Mean"
IYKWIMAITYD - " If You Know What I Mean And I Think You Do"
IYSWIM If You see what I mean
JAM Just a minute
Java :爪哇语言, Java 是 SUN 公司的编程语言, 用于编制面向网络的小应用程序 (Applet) , 墒雇�秤卸��男Ч�霸怂愕哪芰Α
JavaScript :这是一种在网页中使用的描述语言,可以使网页变得生动活泼。微软版的 JavaScript 被称之为 JScript ,可以在 ASP 中使用。
JM2C - " Just My 2 Cents"
KISS keep it simple, stupid
L & R = later 稍后
LAN - " Local Area Network"
LAN(Local Area Network) :局域网。
LIFO last in first out
LLTA Lots and lots of thunderous applause!
LMFAO Laughing my fucking ass off
LOL = laughing out loud 大声笑
LSHMSH laughing so hard my side hurts
LTIP laughing till I puke
MB(Mega Byte) :百万字节,也称找兆字节,为 10241024 个字节。
MDA - " Mail Delivery Agent"
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor"
MFG more friendly garbage
MFTL my favorite toy language
MHOTY my hat's off to you
MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) :乐器数字接口。
MIME - " Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions"
MMIF my mouth is full MOSFET - "
MTFBWY May the force be with you!
MTG = meeting 会议
MUD - " Multiple User Dungeon" an interactive multiuser game
MYOB Mind your own business!
NALOPKT Not a lot of people know that
NBD no big deal
NFI no friggin' idea
NFW no fucking way
NH - " Nice Hand"
NIMBY not in my back yard
NIT = night 晚上
NNTP - " Network News Transfer Protocol"
NOS(Network Operate System) :网络操作系统。
NRN = no reply necessary 不必回答
NS(Network Service) :网络服务。
NTL nevertheless
NTP - " Network Time Protocol"
NTTAWWT not that there's anything wrong with that
NY = New York 纽约
OK - abbreviation of " oll korrect"
OAO over and out
OATUS on a totally unrelated subject
OAUS on an unrelated subject
OBTW oh, by the way
OIC Oh , I see .我明白了。
OICQ 使用的便是本协议。
OLE(Object Linking and Embedding) :对象链接与嵌入。
OLL KORRECT, so the abreviation for those words were OK
ONNA Oh no, not again!
ONNTA Oh no, not this again!
OOTB out of the box (brand new)
OOTC obligatory on-topic comment
OS(Operating System) :操作系统。
OSF - " Open Software Foundation"
OSI(Open System Intercinnection) :开放系统互连。
OTC Over the counter
OTOH = on the other hand 另一方面
OTOOH on the other other hand
OTT over the top
OTTH on the third hand
OTTOMH off the top of my head
OTTOMHAROOB off the top of my head and rolling out of bounds
OTW on the whole
OWTTE or words to that effect PS - " Post Script"
PCI(Peripherial Component Interconnect) :外围设备互连,也是一种总线结构。
PD public domain
PEM = privacy enhanced mail 保密邮件
PERL - " Pratical Extraction and Reporting Language" or " Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" "
Perl 语言:目前在写 CGI 程序中最流行的一种语言, 大部份用来写给通用网关接口处理一些网页传送。
PINE - " Pine Is Not Elm"
PITA pain in the ass
PLS = please 请
PMFJI - " Pardon Me For Jumping In (another polite way to get into a running discussion"
PMIGBOM Put mind in gear, before opening mouth!
PMJI - " Pardon My Jumping In (another polite way to get into a running discussion"
PMYMHMMFSWGAD Pardon me, you must have mistaken me for some one who gives a damn
POP3 协议:电子邮件接收协议第三版,支持该协议的电子邮件服务器允许用户把服务器端的电子邮件用电子邮件收发程序接收到本地来。
POV point of view PovRay - " Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer"
PPP - " Point-to-Point Protocol"
PS - " Post Script"
RAEBNC Read and enjoyed, but no comment
RARP - " Reverse Address Resolution Protocol"
Re: - " Regarding" Often used in mail software
Req: - " Request"
RFC - " Request For Comments"
ROTBA reality on the blink again
ROTFFNAR rolling on the floor for no apparent reason
ROTFL = rolling on the floor laughing 笑得在地上打滚
ROTFLAHMS and holding my sides
ROTFLASTC and scaring the cat
ROTFLBTC biting the carpet
ROTFLBTCACTC and scaring the cat
ROTFLBTCASTCIIHO if I had one
ROTFLBTCDICAJTTWADBSIHPWTRHITSBKABAYB dancing in circles and jumping through the window almost dieing by smashing into
ROTFLGO guts out
ROTFLMAO - " Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Ass Off"
ROTFLOL out loud
ROTFLOLVH out loud very hard
ROTFLSTC scaring the cat
ROTFTPOF trying to put out flames
ROTFWTIME rolling on the floor with tears in my eyes
RSN real soon now (which may be a long time coming)
RTF - " Rich Text Format"
RTFAQ read the FAQ RTFI read the fucking instructions
RTFM read the fucking manual
RTFMA read the fucking manual, again
RTFMS Read the fucking manual, sir! (from the military)
RTM = read the manual 读指导手册
RUOK Are You OK SBCN Sitting behind the computer naked
SCNR Sorry, couldn`t resist
SCSI(Small Computer Standand Interface) :小型计算机磁盘标准接口。
SGML - " Standard Generalized Markup Language"
SHM Shit happens, mate SICS sitting in chair snickering
SIMCA sitting in my chair amused
SITD still in the dark SLIP - " Serial Line Internet Protocol"
SMOP small matter of programming
SMTP - " Simple Mail Transfer Protocol"
SMTP 服务器才能被发送出去。
SMTP(Simple Message Transfer Protocol) 协议:简单邮件传输协议,用于电子邮件的传输。电子邮件需要有
SNAFU situation normal, all fucked up
SNR signal to noise ratio
SO significant other
SOHF - " Sense Of Humor Failure"
SOI stunk on ice sp - abbreviation of " spelling"
SPAM - " Stupid Persons' AdvertiseMent "
SWAG - " Scientific Wild Ass Guess
SWALK - " Sealed With A Loving Kiss"
SWISH - " Simple Web Indexing System for Humans"
TAFN that's all for now
TANJ there ain't no justice
TANSTAAFL there ain't no such thing as a free lunch
TARFU things are really fouled up
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)/IP(Internet Protocol) 协议:用于网络的一组通讯协议,包括传输协议和网际协议。
TCP/IP - " Transmissions Control Protocol/Internet Protocol"
TGAL think globally, act locally
THOT = thought 思想
TIA - " The Internet Adaptor"
TIA = thanks in advance 先谢谢了
TIC tongue in cheek
TINALO this is not a legal opinion
TINAR this is not a recommendation
TINWIS that is not what I said
TLA = three-letter acronyms 三个字母的缩写词
TLA VG = very good 非常好
TMTOWTDI there's more than one way to do it
TNOTVS theres nothing on TV so,
TNX thanks TPS(S) this program sucks (severely)
TPTB the powers that be
TRDMC tears running down my cheeks
TSOHF total sense of humor failure
TTBOMK to the best of my knowledge
TTFN ta ta for now
TTUL = talk to you later 以后再说
TTY - " Tele-TYpe"
TTYL talk to you later
TTYRS talk to you real soon
TUFD the user file died
TVM thanks very much
TWIMC - " To Whom It May Concern"
TYCLO Turn your CAPS LOCK off (Quit shouting)
TYVM = thank you very much 非常感谢
U = you 你
UBD user brain damage
UDP - " User Datagram Protocol"
UDP(User Datagram Protocol) 协议:用户数据报协议,这是一种架设于TCP/IP 协议之上的快速协议,但不具备较好的安全性
UPGS unfinished project guilt syndrome
UPS(Uninterrupted Power Supply) :不间断电源。
UR = your 你的
URL - " Uniform Resource Locator"
URL :全球资源统一定位符,网页在全球互联网上独一无二的定位点。
UTC under the counter
UTT under the table
VCD(Video Compact Disc) :可视光盘。
VETLA very enhanced
VGA(Video Graphica Array) :视频图形阵列。
VR virtual reality
VRAM(Video Read Access Memory) :显示存储器,供显示卡使用。
VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language) :虚拟实境模拟语言, 此语言可使网页产生虚拟现实 (Virtual Reality) 的立体动画效果。
WAB What another bill
WAG wild ass guess
WAIS - " Wide Area Information Server "
WAIS(Wide Area Information Server) :广域网信息服务。
WAN - " Wide Area Networks "
WAN(Wide Area Network) :广域网或称远距离网络。
WDYMBT What do you mean by that
WEDS / WEDNES = Wednesday 星期三
WGAS Who gives a shit
WIBAMU Well, I'll be a monkey's uncle
WIBNI would it be nice if
WMMOWS Wash my mouth out with soap!
WNOHGB where no one has gone before
WRT = with respect to 关于
WRT with regard to
WT without thinking
WTH what the hell
WTTM without thinking too much
WWW or 3W - " World Wide Web "
WWW( World Wide Web) :万维网,是 Internet 上发展最快的部分, 需用浏览器查阅。
WYLABOCTGWTR Would you like a bowl of cream to go with that remark
WYLASOMWTC Would you like a saucer of milk with that comment
WYSIWYG = what you see is what you get 所见即所得
WYTYSYDG What you thought you saw, you didn't get
YAOTM yet another off-topic message
YHGASP You have got a serious problem
YMMV - " Your Mileage May Vary" (You may not have the same luck I did)
YWIA - " You're welcome in advance"
YWSYLS You win some, you lose some
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