python怎么建立socket服务端,第1张

socket服务器再细分可分为多种了,tcp,udp,websocket,都是调用socket模块,但是具体实现起来有一点细微的差别

先给出一个tcp和udp通过socket协议实现的聊天室的例子

python聊天室(python27版本):

都是分别运行serverpy和clientpy,就可以进行通讯了。

TCP版本:

socket-tcp-serverpy(服务端):

 

#-- encoding:utf-8 --

#socketgetaddrinfo(host,  port, family=0, socktype=0, proto=0, flags=0)

#根据给定的参数host/port,相应的转换成一个包含用于创建socket对象的五元组,

#参数host为域名,以字符串形式给出代表一个IPV4/IPV6地址或者None

#参数port如果字符串形式就代表一个服务名,比如“http”"ftp""email"等,或者为数字,或者为None

#参数family为地主族,可以为AF_INET  ,AF_INET6 ,AF_UNIX

#参数socktype可以为SOCK_STREAM(TCP)或者SOCK_DGRAM(UDP)

#参数proto通常为0可以直接忽略

#参数flags为AI_的组合,比如AI_NUMERICHOST,它会影响函数的返回值

#附注:给参数host,port传递None时建立在C基础,通过传递NULL。

#该函数返回一个五元组(family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr),同时第五个参数sockaddr也是一个二元组(address, port)

#更多的方法及链接请访问

# Echo server program

from socket import 

import sys

import threading

from time import ctime

from time import localtime

import traceback

import time

import subprocess

reload(sys)

syssetdefaultencoding("utf8")

 

 

HOST='127001'

PORT=8555  #设置侦听端口

BUFSIZ=1024

 

class TcpServer():

    def __init__(self):

        selfADDR=(HOST, PORT)

        try:

            selfsock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

            print '%d is open' % PORT

 

            selfsockbind(selfADDR)

            selfsocklisten(5)

            #设置退出条件

            selfSTOP_CHAT=False

 

            # 所有监听的客户端

            selfclients = {}

            selfthrs = {}

            selfstops = []

 

        except Exception,e:

            print "%d is down" % PORT

            return False

 

    def IsOpen(ip, port):

 

        s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

        try:

            sconnect((ip, int(port)))

            # sshutdown(2)

            # 利用shutdown()函数使socket双向数据传输变为单向数据传输。shutdown()需要一个单独的参数,

            # 该参数表示s了如何关闭socket。具体为:0表示禁止将来读;1表示禁止将来写;2表示禁止将来读和写。

            print '%d is open' % port

            return True

        except:

            print '%d is down' % port

            return False

 

    def listen_client(self):

        while not selfSTOP_CHAT:

            print(u'等待接入,侦听端口:%d' % (PORT))

            selftcpClientSock, selfaddr=selfsockaccept()

            print(u'接受连接,客户端地址:',selfaddr)

            address = selfaddr

            #将建立的client socket链接放到列表selfclients中

            selfclients[address] = selftcpClientSock

            #分别将每个建立的链接放入进程中,接收且分发消息

            selfthrs[address] = threadingThread(target=selfreadmsg, args=[address])

            selfthrs[address]start()

            timesleep(05)

 

 

 

    def readmsg(self,address):

        #如果地址不存在,则返回False

        if address not in selfclients:

            return False

        #得到发送消息的client socket

        client = selfclients[address]

        while True:

            try:

                #获取到消息内容data

                data=clientrecv(BUFSIZ)

            except:

                print(e)

                selfclose_client(address)

                break

            if not data:

                break

            #python3使用bytes,所以要进行编码

            #s='%s发送给我的信息是:[%s] %s' %(addr[0],ctime(), datadecode('utf8'))

            #对日期进行一下格式化

            ISOTIMEFORMAT='%Y-%m-%d %X'

            stime=timestrftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, localtime())

            s=u'%s发送给我的信息是:%s' %(str(address),datadecode('utf8'))

            #将获得的消息分发给链接中的client socket

            for k in selfclients:

                selfclients[k]send(sencode('utf8'))

                selfclients[k]sendall('sendall:'+sencode('utf8'))

                print str(k)

            print([stime], ':', datadecode('utf8'))

            #如果输入quit(忽略大小写),则程序退出

            STOP_CHAT=(datadecode('utf8')upper()=="QUIT")

            if STOP_CHAT:

                print "quit"

                selfclose_client(address)

                print "already quit"

                break

 

    def close_client(self,address):

        try:

            client = selfclientspop(address)

            selfstopsappend(address)

            clientclose()

            for k in selfclients:

                selfclients[k]send(str(address) + u"已经离开了")

        except:

            pass

        print(str(address)+u'已经退出')

 

 

if __name__ == '__main__':

    tserver = TcpServer()

    tserverlisten_client()

     

 ——————————华丽的分割线——————————       

     

 socket-tcp-clientpy (客户端):

  

#-- encoding:utf-8 --

from socket import 

import sys

import threading

import time

reload(sys)

syssetdefaultencoding("utf8")

 

 

#测试,连接本机

HOST='127001'

#设置侦听端口

PORT=8555

BUFSIZ=1024

 

class TcpClient:

 

    ADDR=(HOST, PORT)

    def __init__(self):

        selfHOST = HOST

        selfPORT = PORT

        selfBUFSIZ = BUFSIZ

        #创建socket连接

        selfclient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

        selfclientconnect(selfADDR)

        #起一个线程,监听接收的信息

        selftrecv = threadingThread(target=selfrecvmsg)

        selftrecvstart()

 

    def sendmsg(self):

        #循环发送聊天消息,如果socket连接存在则一直循环,发送quit时关闭链接

        while selfclientconnect_ex(selfADDR):

            data=raw_input('>:')

            if not data:

                break

            selfclientsend(dataencode('utf8'))

            print(u'发送信息到%s:%s' %(selfHOST,data))

            if dataupper()=="QUIT":

                selfclientclose()

                print u"已关闭"

                break

    def recvmsg(self):

        #接收消息,如果链接一直存在,则持续监听接收消息

        try:

            while selfclientconnect_ex(selfADDR):

                data=selfclientrecv(selfBUFSIZ)

                print(u'从%s收到信息:%s' %(selfHOST,datadecode('utf8')))

        except Exception,e:

            print str(e)

 

if __name__ == '__main__':

    client=TcpClient()

    clientsendmsg()

UDP版本:

socket-udp-serverpy

 

# -- coding:utf8 --

 

import sys

import time

import traceback

import threading

reload(sys)

syssetdefaultencoding('utf-8')

 

import socket

import traceback

 

HOST = "127001"

PORT = 9555

CHECK_PERIOD = 20

CHECK_TIMEOUT = 15

 

class UdpServer(object):

    def __init__(self):

        selfclients = []

        selfbeats = {}

        selfADDR = (HOST,PORT)

        try:

            selfsock = socketsocket(socketAF_INET, socketSOCK_DGRAM)

            selfsockbind(selfADDR)       # 绑定同一个域名下的所有机器

            selfbeattrs = threadingThread(target=selfcheckheartbeat)

            selfbeattrsstart()

        except Exception,e:

            tracebackprint_exc()

            return False

 

    def listen_client(self):

        while True:

            timesleep(05)

            print "hohohohohoo"

            try:

                recvData,address = selfsockrecvfrom(2048)

                if not recvData:

                    selfclose_client(address)

                    break

                if address in selfclients:

                    senddata = u"%s发送给我的信息是:%s" %(str(address),recvDatadecode('utf8'))

                    if recvDataupper() == "QUIT":

                        selfclose_client(address)

                    if recvData == "HEARTBEAT":

                        selfheartbeat(address)

                        continue

                else:

                    selfclientsappend(address)

                    senddata = u"%s发送给我的信息是:%s" %(str(address),u'进入了聊天室')

                for c in selfclients:

                    try:

                        selfsocksendto(senddata,c)

                    except Exception,e:

                        print str(e)

                        selfclose_client(c)

            except Exception,e:

                # tracebackprint_exc()

                print str(e)

                pass

 

    def heartbeat(self,address):

        selfbeats[address] = timetime()

 

    def checkheartbeat(self):

 

        while True:

            print "checkheartbeat"

            print selfbeats

            try:

                for c in selfclients:

                    print timetime()

                    print selfbeats[c]

                    if selfbeats[c] + CHECK_TIMEOUT <timetime():

                        print u"%s心跳超时,连接已经断开" %str(c)

                        selfclose_client(c)

                    else:

                        print u"checkp%s,没有断开" %str(c)

            except Exception,e:

                tracebackprint_exc()

                print str(e)

                pass

            timesleep(CHECK_PERIOD)

 

    def close_client(self,address):

        try:

            if address in selfclients:

                selfclientsremove(address)

                if selfbeatshas_key(address):

                    del selfbeats[address]

                print selfclients

            for c in selfclients:

                selfsocksendto(u'%s已经离开了' % str(address),c)

            print(str(address)+u'已经退出')

        except Exception,e:

            print str(e)

            raise

 

if __name__ == "__main__":

    udpServer = UdpServer()

    udpServerlisten_client()

     

——————————华丽的分割线——————————    

socket-udp-clientpy:

# -- coding:utf8 --

 

import sys

import threading

import time

reload(sys)

syssetdefaultencoding('utf-8')

 

import socket

 

HOST = "127001"

PORT = 9555

#BEAT_PORT = 43278

BEAT_PERIOD = 5

 

 

class UdpClient(object):

    def __init__(self):

        selfclientsock = socketsocket(socketAF_INET,socketSOCK_DGRAM)

        selfHOST = HOST

        selfADDR = (HOST,PORT)

        selfclientsocksendto(u'请求建立链接',selfADDR)

        selfrecvtrs = threadingThread(target=selfrecvmsg)

        selfrecvtrsstart()

        selfhearttrs = threadingThread(target=selfheartbeat)

        selfhearttrsstart()

 

    def sendmsg(self):

        while True:

            data = raw_input(">:")

            if not data:

                break

            selfclientsocksendto(dataencode('utf-8'),selfADDR)

            if dataupper() == 'QUIT':

                selfclientsockclose()

                break

 

    def heartbeat(self):

        while True:

            selfclientsocksendto('HEARTBEAT',selfADDR)

            timesleep(BEAT_PERIOD)

 

    def recvmsg(self):

        while True:

            recvData,addr = selfclientsockrecvfrom(1024)

            if not recvData:

                break

            print(u'从%s收到信息:%s' %(selfHOST,recvDatadecode('utf8')))

 

 

 

if __name__ == "__main__":

    udpClient = UdpClient()

    udpClientsendmsg()

正常,这才是服务器

首先确保装了Python,我装的是2x版本,对了,我的操作系统是WIN7,其实对于Python来说,什么操作系统并不重要。Python内置了一个简单的HTTP服务器,只需要在命令行下面敲一行命令,一个HTTP服务器就起来了:

python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80

后面的80端口是可选的,不填会采用缺省端口8000。注意,这会将当前所在的文件夹设置为默认的Web目录,试着在浏览器敲入本机地址:

如果当前文件夹有indexhtml文件,会默认显示该文件,否则,会以文件列表的形式显示目录下所有文件。这样已经实现了最基本的文件分享的目的,你可以做成一个脚本,再建立一个快捷方式,就可以很方便的启动文件分享了。如果有更多需求,完全可以根据自己需要定制,具体的请参见官方文档SimpleHTTPServer,或者直接看源码。我拷贝一段,方便参考:

import SimpleHTTPServer

import SocketServer

PORT = 8000

Handler = SimpleHTTPServerSimpleHTTPRequestHandler

httpd = SocketServerTCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)

print "serving at port", PORT

httpdserve_forever()

如果你想改变端口号,你可以使用如下的命令:

python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080

如果你只想让这个HTTP服务器服务于本地环境,那么,你需要定制一下你的Python的程序,下面是一个示例:

import sys

import BaseHTTPServer

from SimpleHTTPServer import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler

HandlerClass = SimpleHTTPRequestHandler

ServerClass = BaseHTTPServerHTTPServer

Protocol = "HTTP/10"

if sysargv[1:]:

port = int(sysargv[1])

else:

port = 8000

server_address = ('127001', port)

HandlerClassprotocol_version = Protocol

httpd = ServerClass(server_address, HandlerClass)

sa = httpdsocketgetsockname()

print "Serving HTTP on", sa[0], "port", sa[1], ""

httpdserve_forever()

注意:所有的这些东西都可以在 Windows 或 Cygwin 下工作。

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